@Article{JICS-18-2,
author = {Muhammad, Hamid and Ying, Xiong and Mubashar, Ali, Akbar and Usman, Muhammad},
title = {Mathematical Formulation and Investigation of Contamination in the System of Lakes: A Comparative Study},
journal = {Journal of Information and Computing Science},
year = {2023},
volume = {18},
number = {2},
pages = {101--116},
abstract = {<p style="text-align: justify;">The contamination in water bodies is a big threat to the environment to control
the water pollution, a model study is conducted. The pollution model for a system of
three lakes that are interconnected by channels is taken into account. Three input models
(periodic, exponentially decaying, and linear) were solved by employing a variational
iteration technique coupled with various types of multipliers. Identification of exact
multipliers for $n{\rm th}$-order differential equations is also presented. All said models were
examined mathematically. We noticed that exact Lagrange multipliers in the correction
functional bring more accurate and efficient results that have been deliberated
graphically. The results obtained via variational iteration method (VIM)-$\lambda_E,$ already
published work and the Runge-Kutta method of order four provides an excellent
agreement. Additionally, the use of exact Lagrange multipliers with other techniques
may be extended to other dynamical problems.</p>},
issn = {1746-7659},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.4208/JICS-2023-007},
url = {https://global-sci.com/article/91626/mathematical-formulation-and-investigation-of-contamination-in-the-system-of-lakes-a-comparative-study}
}