On Approximation of Smooth Functions from Null Spaces of Optimal Linear Differential Operators with Constant Coefficients

Abstract

For a real valued function $f$ defined on a finite interval $I$ we consider the problem of approximating $f$ from null spaces of differential operators of the form $L_n(\psi) =\sum\limits_{k=0}^{n}a_k\psi^{(k)}$, where the constant coefficients $a_k \in R$ may be adapted to $f$.
We prove that for each $f \in C^{(n)}(I)$, there is a selection of coefficients $\{a_1, \cdots,a_n\}$ and a corresponding linear combination$$S_n( f , t) =\sum_{k=1}^nb_k e^{\lambda_{k^t}}$$of functions $\psi_k(t) = e^{\lambda_kt}$ in the nullity of $L$ which satisfies the following Jackson’s type inequality: $$\|f^{(m)}-S_n^{(m)}(f,t)\|_{\infty}\le \frac{|I|^{1/q}e^{|\lambda_n||I|}}{|a_n|2^{n-m-1/p}|\lambda_n|^{n-m-1}}\|L_n(f)\|_p$$ where $|\lambda_n| = \max\limits_k |\lambda_k|$, $0 \leq m \leq n−1,$ $p,q \geq 1$, and $\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}= 1.$
For the particular operator $M_n( f ) = f +1/(2n)! f ^{(2n)}$ the rate of approximation by the eigenvalues of $M_n$ for non-periodic analytic functions on intervals of restricted length is established to be exponential. Applications in algorithms and numerical examples are discussed.