Embedding Inequalities for Barron-Type Spaces

Year:    2023

Author:    Lei Wu

Journal of Machine Learning, Vol. 2 (2023), Iss. 4 : pp. 259–270

Abstract

An important problem in machine learning theory is to understand the approximation and generalization properties of two-layer neural networks in high dimensions. To this end, researchers have introduced the Barron space $\mathcal{B}_s(Ω)$ and the spectral Barron space $\mathcal{F}_s(Ω),$ where the index $s ∈ [0, ∞)$ indicates the smoothness of functions within these spaces and $Ω ⊂ \mathbb{R}^d$ denotes the input domain. However, the precise relationship between the two types of Barron spaces remains unclear. In this paper, we establish a continuous embedding between them as implied by the following inequality: For any $\delta∈ (0, 1),s ∈ \mathbb{N}^+$ and $f : Ω\mapsto \mathbb{R},$ it holds that $$\delta||f||_{\mathcal{F}_{s−\delta}(Ω)}\lesssim_s||f||_{\mathcal{B}_s(Ω)}\lesssim_s||f||_{\mathcal{F}_{s+1}(Ω).}$$ Importantly, the constants do not depend on the input dimension $d,$ suggesting that the embedding is effective in high dimensions. Moreover, we also show that the lower and upper bound are both tight.

Journal Article Details

Publisher Name:    Global Science Press

Language:    English

DOI:    https://doi.org/10.4208/jml.230530

Journal of Machine Learning, Vol. 2 (2023), Iss. 4 : pp. 259–270

Published online:    2023-01

AMS Subject Headings:   

Copyright:    COPYRIGHT: © Global Science Press

Pages:    12

Keywords:    Barron space Two-layer neural network High-dimensional approximation Embedding theorem Fourier transform.

Author Details

Lei Wu